Gender Differences in Carbohydrate Metabolism
Gender Differences in Carbohydrate Metabolism
and Carbohydrate Loading
Received April 17, 2006/Accepted May 31, 2006
Jennifer Wismann and Darryn Willoughby
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
Exercise and Biochemical Nutrition Laboratory, Baylor University, Waco, TX. Address correspondence
to: Jen_Wismann@baylor.edu
ABSTRACT
Prior to endurance competition, many endurance athletes participate in a carbohydrate loading regimen in order
to help delay the onset of fatigue. The ÏclassicÓ regimen generally includes an intense glycogen depleting
training period of approximately two days followed by a glycogen loading period for 3-4 days, ingesting
approximately 60-70% of total energy intake as carbohydrates, while the newer method does not consist of an
intense glycogen depletion protocol. However, recent evidence has indicated that glycogen loading does not
occur in the same manner for males and females, thus affecting performance. The scope of this literature
review will include a brief description of the role of estradiol in relation to metabolism and gender differences
seen in carbohydrate metabolism and loading. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition.
3(1):28-35, 2006
Key words: glycogen loading, estradiol, eummenorrheic
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